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Erika Simpson

Education
MA & Ph.D., University of Toronto
Research Interests
Dr. Simpson specializes in the area of International Relations and is the President of the Canadian Peace Research Association (CPRA). Her research interests are in international security and foreign and defence policy, particularly Afghanistan, arms control, disarmament, IR theory, NATO, nuclear proliferation, nuclear waste, peacekeeping and the UN. She is the author of NATO and the Bomb (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2001) and her articles have appeared in leading journals including the Brown Journal of World Politics; International Journal; In Victus Pax: Journal of Peace Education and Social Justice; Peace Magazine; Peace Research; Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice; and Policy Options. She is a national syndicated columnist for the Postmedia Network, Canada’s largest digital and newspaper chain, and a frequent commentator for The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Magazine, as well as Canada’s CTV Television News, Asia’s Urdu News and Russia’s Sputnik News. She serves as a Director on the Board of the Canadian Pugwash Group; an associate editor for Peace Review; a Senior Advisor for the Rideau Institute; an invited Consultant for the Nuclear Abolition Forum; and a Peer Reviewer for the Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health. Formerly she was an Alton Jones Fellow; a Barton Fellow; a Liu Institute Visiting Fellow; a NATO Research Fellow; and the Vice-Chair and Treasurer of Pugwash Canada. In 2015 the Voice of Women–Canada awarded her a Lifetime Achievement Award for her writing on peace-related issues. At the University of Western Ontario, she teaches 2135A; 3203F; 2191B; 2141B and MA and PhD graduate students. She is a Canadian citizen and a long-time resident of London, Ontario formerly from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
Current Research Projects
1. Canada in an Insecure Covid World
2. NATO’s Nuclear Weapons: Policy Issues and Debates on Nuclear Deterrence and Disarmament, 1949-2021
3. UN Disarmament and NATO’s Nuclear Deterrence Policy: The Two
4. How to use the levels-of-analysis approach to explain new threats to security – like the Canadian plan to build a nuclear waste repository close to the Great Lakes
Scholarly Books (Authored & Co-Authored)
- 2001. NATO and the Bomb: Canadian Defenders Confront Critics. Hardcover first edition, and paperback second edition, 2002. Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Book Chapters
- 2010. “The NATO Club: 'northern', 'rich', 'white‘ nations defending the Imperial Palace?” In Darren Marks (ed.), War, Human Dignity, and Nation Building: Theological Perspectives on Canada’s Role in Afghanistan” (Cambridge Scholars Publishing), pp. 70-89.
- 2009. “The new U.S. doctrine of pre-emptive warfare and its implications for nuclear deterrence and disarmament” in David Krieger (ed.), The Challenge of Abolishing Nuclear Weapons (Transaction Publishers: Piscataway, NJ.), pp. 141-154.
- 2001. “Games, Strategies, and Human Security” in M.V. Naidu (ed.) Perspectives on Human Security: National Sovereignty and Humanitarian Intervention (Brandon, Manitoba: Canadian Peace Research and Education Association, pp. 139-49.
- 1998. “New Ways of Thinking about Nuclear Weapons and Canada’s Defence Policy” in D. C. Story and R. Bruce Shepard (eds.), Diefenbaker’s Legacy (Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre), pp. 27-41.
Working Papers
- 2018. “How to use the levels-of-analysis approach to explain new threats to security – like the Canadian plan to build a nuclear waste repository close to the Great Lakes”, May 31 [refereed paper presented at the CPRA association meeting at Congress in May].
- 2017. “Canada: Between NATO and the NPT” [presented at Dalhousie University], July].
- 2017. “Nothing Monotonous about Drones Now” [refereed paper presented to CPRA at Congress in June].
- 2016. “Nuclear weapons and NATO: Is it safer to deter or to disarm?” [refereed paper presented to CPSA at Congress in June.
- 2016. “The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT): Chaos or Community?” [refereed paper presented to CPRA at Congress in May].
Refereed Journal Articles
- 2025. Simpson, Erika and Juneseio Hwang, “Forging Peace in 2025-2030: The Role of Canada and South Korea as Middle Powers in Leading Global Conflict Resolution.” In Factis Pax, Vol. 19, No. 1, 1-33. https://openjournals.utoledo.edu/index.php/infactispax/article/view/1525.
- 2025. Simpson, Erika. “Unmasking Cults: Examining the Parallels Between Trumpism and Chinmoyism to Understand Extremism and Offer Peacemakers’ Support.” Peace Review, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2025.2473410.
- 2024. Pearson, Frederic S. and Erika Simpson, Analyzing Nuclear Deterrence and Disarmament: Insights on Global Security During the Ukraine Conflict, Peace Review. First published December 2, 2024, Vol. 36, Issue 2, pp. 563-570, available DOI: 10.1080/10402659.2024.2434184.
- 2024. Simpson, Erika, NATO’s Nuclear Strategy Post Russia’s Ukraine Attack: Shaping Global Nonproliferation Talks, Peace Review. First published October 19, 2024, Vol. 36, Issue 2, pp. 692-705, available DOI: 10.1080/10402659.2024.2414941.
- 2024. Simpson, Erika, Cutting-Edge Dynamics of Drone Technologies: Military Strategies and Peaceful Innovations, In Factis Pax: Journal of Peace Education and Social Justice, First published October 14, 2024. Volume 18, No. 2, pp. 104-123. Available: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-6285.
- 2023. Simpson, Erika Addressing Challenges Facing NATO and the United States Using Lessons Learned from Afghanistan and Ukraine, Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, first published April 27, 2023, Vol. 35, Issue 2, pp. 347-365, available: 10.1080/10402659.2023.2204850.
- 2022. Frederic S. Pearson and Erika Simpson, How to de-escalate dangerous nuclear weapons and force deployments in Europe, International Journal: Canada’s Journal of Global Policy Analysis, first published May 15, 2022, Vol. 77, Issue 1, March 2022, pp. 125-136 available: https://doi.org/10.1177/002070202211007, Impact Factor: 2.867 / 5-Year Impact Factor: 2.601.
- 2022. Erika Simpson, Understanding and Preventing Suicide Terrorism, Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, first published May 22, 2022, Vol. 33, Issue 4, pp. 427-433, available: https://doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2021.2042993, 0.4 (2021) CiteScore (Scopus) Q2 (2021) CiteScore Best Quartile 0.357 (2021) SNIP 0.185 (2021) SJR.
- 2020. Erika Simpson, Addressing Challenges Facing NATO Using Lessons Learned from Canada The Brown Journal of World Affairs. 27(1), Winter 2020, pp. 1-29, The Journal features original articles by and interviews with world leaders, policymakers, and prominent academics. The Journal publishes two thematic issues a year. This article was featured as the front-piece article in their Special Issue on Disarmament. Other invited contributors included Sharon Dolev, Steven Pifer, Tony Robinson, Jody Williams and Lawrence Wittner.
- 2019. Erika Simpson, Follow SNC-Lavalin’s Big Money, Peace Magazine, Vol. 35, No. 2, Apr-June 2019, pp. 21-23 or page 20 (online) available. here: http://peacemagazine.org/archive/v35n2p20.htm
- 2018. “Will Trump's Space Force Lead to the Militarization of Space?” Peace Magazine, Vol. 34, No. 3, July-September, pp. 16-19 or page 16 (online), available. here: http://peacemagazine.org/archive/v34n3p16.htm
- 2018. Game Theory and Peace Research: Professor Anatol Rapoport’s Contributions In Factus Pax: Journal of Peace Education and Social Justice, vol. 12, no. 1: pp. 38-58.
- 2018. “A Canadian's Perspective on Disaster Capitalism” Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, 30, no. 2, April-June, 135-143.
- 2016. “Towards a World Free of Nuclear Weapons” Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, vol. 28, no. 3, August, pp. 309-17.
- 2016. “Proliferation of Drones Raises New Concerns” Peace Magazine, vol. 32, no. 3, July-September, pp. 14-16.
- 2016. “It’s time for Canadian decisions on lethal drones” Journal of Defense Studies and Resource Management, vol. 4, no. 1, June 25, pp. 1-5.
- 2016. “Nuclear Waste Burial in Canada? The Political Controversy over the Proposal to Construct a Deep Geologic Repository?” Journal of Nuclear Energy Science & Power Generation Technology, vol. 55, no. 3, April, pp. 1-6.
- 2016. “Canada’s arm’s deal with Saudi Arabia”, Peace Magazine, vol. 32, no. 2, April-June, pp. 13-14.
- 2016. “Sustainable development goals worth sharing” OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, vol. 9, no. 3, March 30, pp. 115-22.
Non-Refereed Journal Articles
- 2017. “How Canada can support UN peacekeeping” Policy Options, November 14, Special Issue: Peacekeeping Imagined, November 14.
- 2017. “Nuclear Waste: Solution r Problem” Municipal World, v 127, no 8, August, pp. 3-6 [featured centre-piece magazine article].
- 2016. “Canadians Keep Asking Questions about Saudi Arms Deal” MPC Journal, vol. 1, issue 4, April 10, pp. 99-101.
- 2016. “Federal environment minister delays decision on nuclear waste repository” Municipal World, vol. 126, no 4, April, pp. 13-14.
- 2016. “Evidence of heavy-handed U.S. Diplomacy in Europe affects NATO’s Intentions in Ukraine and NATO’s Strategic Concept” International Journal Advances in Social Humanities, vol. 4, issue 02, February, pp. 75-79.
Technical Reports Related to Academic Field
- 2012. Rapporteur: Erika Simpson et. al “Toward an Arctic Nuclear Weapon Free Zone”, Final Report and Recommendations of a conference, Ottawa, October 26.
- 2010. Bev Delong, Ernie Regehr, Doug Roche, Erika Simpson, “Practical Steps toward Zero Nuclear Weapons”, unpublished paper presented to conference, “Practical Steps to Zero Nuclear Weapons” by Steering Committee, January, 34 pp.
Opinion Columns (Op Eds)
- 2025. Simpson, Erika. A peacekeeping force could be the innovation the Canada-U.S. border needs. The Globe and Mail (January 13). Available: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-a-peacekeeping-force-could-be-the-innovation-the-canada-us-border/
- 2024. Simpson, Erika. “Northwestern Ontario nuclear waste site selection raises concerns” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (September 9).
- 2024. Simpson, Erika. “Nuclear stations in Russia-Ukraine war provide warnings for Canada.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (September 9). Available: https://pugwashgroup.ca/simpson-nuclear-stations-in-russia-ukraine-war-provide-warnings-for-canada/
- 2023. Simpson, Erika. “Arctic disputes won’t all be solved with more arms.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (November 22). Available: https://ocul-uwo.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01OCUL_UWO/1brq4iv/cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2895410625.
- 2023. Simpson, Erika. “When planning nuclear waste sites in Canada, consider Ukraine’s potential nuclear crisis.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (July 6). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/193/.
- 2023. Simpson, Erika. “Prigozhin’s mad race to Moscow a pivotal event and it’s shaken Russia to its core.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (June 29). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/203/.
- 2023. Simpson, Erika. “NATO allies should take Canada’s lead and spend less on defence.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (April 24). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/202/.
- 2023. Simpson, Erika. “Nuclear waste abandonment risks the dangers of amnesia.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (April 13). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/201/
- 2022. Simpson, Erika. “The global implications of Xi Jinping’s formidable power.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (October 26). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/200/.
- 2022. Simpson, Erika. “Russia-Ukraine war brings nuclear risk to level not seen since Cuban missile crisis.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (October 10). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/199/.
- 2022. Simpson, Erika. “NATO’s new world order relies on multilateralism to strengthen its nuclear defense posture.” The Hill Times: Canada’s Foreign Policy Weekly (July 6). Available: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/politicalsciencepub/198/.
- 2022. Atkinson, Ryan and Simpson, Erika, Escalating Russian cyberattacks could risk widening the war in Ukraine, Hill Times [hereafter HT], May 11.
- 2022. Simpson, Erika, New ways forward to promote peace in the face of Russia's invasion, HT May 4.
- 2022. Simpson, Erika and Simpson, Mike, Canada must strongly support Marshall Plan 2.0, HT March 16.
- 2022. Simpson, Erika, The war in Ukraine will have global consequences, HT February 24.
- 2022. Pearson, Frederic S. and Simpson, Erika, Opportunity to rid Europe of dangerous nuclear weapon systems and provocative force deployments , HT, February 10.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, Ukraine crisis, 1962 Cuban missile crisis share disturbing similarities, HT December 22.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, Canadian-organized airlift needed to bring food, medical provisions to Afghanistan, HT November 24.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, A plea to heed the chorus of Afghans urging Canadian aid, August 25.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika and Naimpoor, Sakhi, Why buffer zones could combat the ongoing war in Afghanistan, The Hill-Times, August 11.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, Collins, Robin, and Lemieux, Sylvie, Commemorating the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings and a call for nuclear disarmament, The Hill-Times, August 9.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika and Simpson, Mike, True leadership would see Trudeau attend NATO summit virtually as Canadians await COVID-19 vaccines, The Hill-Times, June 14.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, S., NATO Afghanistan withdrawal impacts counterterrorism operations, progress for Afghan women, The Hill-Times, April 21.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, NATO expansion not the answer as Ukraine crisis brews, but nuclear weapon free zones needed, The Hill-Times, April 12.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika and Member of Scottish Parliament Kidd, Bill, K.'s decision to increase nuclear warhead stockpile cap defies logic, The Hill-Times, March 22.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, Conditions-based negotiations, renewed NATO troop commitments needed in Afghanistan, The Hill-Times, February 22.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, Canada still has obligation to participate in good faith in negotiations on nuclear disarmament, The Hill-Times, January 25.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, In understanding the makings of an extremist, there's a lot of work ahead, The Hill-Times, January 14.
- 2021. Simpson, Erika, Trump's incendiary rhetoric puts deterrence as credible strategy at risk, The Hill-Times, January 7.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika, Trump administration's drawdown of troops in Afghanistan risks putting peace, progress in the country in danger, The Hill-Times, November 25.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika and Simpson, Michael, We lost the Security Council vote in 21 seconds. Now what? The Hill-Times, June 17.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika and Simpson, Michael, On guard for thee: global citizenship and Canada-U.S. relations, The Hill-Times, May 27.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika, After the Great Lockdown, far-sighted global cooperation will be heralded and lauded as wise, The Hill-Times, May 25.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika, We don’t know how this virus began, but we know how we can learn from our response, The Hill-Times, April 8.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika and Naimpoor, Sakhi, Ottawa should ditch F-35, buy better-suited Super Hornets for RCAF, Postmedia Network, Week of Jan. 31-Feb. 4.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika and Naimpoor, Sakhi, Middle Powers and the U.S.-Iran Conflict, MPC Journal: Mashreq Politics & Culture, 19.
- 2020. Simpson, Erika and Fairlie, Ian, Ontario should denuclearize its power generation, Postmedia Network, Week of Jan. 17-21.
Awards & Distinctions
- 2018. Principal Investigator, Western University Faculty Research Development Fund.
- 2015-present. Vice-President, Canadian Peace Research Association, regular association of the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, (elected 2015-17, 2017-19).
- 2015-present. Shirley Farlinger Lifetime Achievement Award for Peace Writings, awarded by the Canadian Voice of Women for Peace, a non-governmental organization with consultative status at the UN.
- 2014-present. Peer Reviewer, Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health College of Peer Reviewers.
- 2014-present. Syndicated Newspaper Columnist, Postmedia (Canada’s largest online and newspaper chain): also occasional Columnist for The Hill-Times and Embassy Magazine.
- 2013-present. Senate Review Board Academic member Western University, London, (elected 2013-15, 2015-16, 2016-18).
- 2010-present. Consultant, (invited) Nuclear Abolition Forum, International Network.
- 2006-present. Senior Advisor (appointed), Rideau Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
- 2000-2017. Board of Directors (elected 2000-03, 2015-17), Vice-Chair (appointed 2007-11), Treasurer (elected 2003-07), Canadian Pugwash Group (Pugwash Canada or CPG) national affiliate of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs (Pugwash International).
- 2014-2017. Outreach Committee member (invited), Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (PNND), international network.
- 2014-2015. Chair and Co-Organizer, 6 different Panels at the UN, 2014 NPT Preparatory Conference and 2015 NPT Review Conference, sponsored by Pugwash Canada and International Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, Conference Room C, UN HQs, New York City, May 2014 and May 2015.
- 2014. Principal Investigator, Western University Faculty Research Development Fund Travel Grant, 2014-15, London, Ontario.
- 2012-14. SSHRC Assessor, SSHRC Insight Development Grant Assessment Committee, 2012-13, 2013-14, invited 2015-16 (declined), Ottawa.
- 2005-11. Invited Lecturer at Canadian Forces College (2005-07, 2009-11) and Plenary Participant (2011), Command and Staff course, Canadian Forces College, Toronto.
- 2011. Alumni Award, Social Science Alumni Award, Western University, London, Ont.
- 2010. DND Award, Department of National Defence Security and Defence Forum, January 2010
- 2003-2010. Steering Committee Member, appointed to the organizing and fundraising committees for 6 different international conferences, co-sponsored by 18 organizations including CCANW, CPG, DND, GSI, International Pugwash, Project Ploughshares, etc.
- 2005. Principal Investigator, DFAIT Award, Global Security Forum, ISROP, DFAIT, September-December.
- 2005-2010. Rapporteur for many committees and conferences including the Atlanta Consultation II, Carter Center in Atlanta: the Canadian Forum for Global Security conference: and many Pugwash conferences in Berlin, Halifax, New York City, Ottawa, Pugwash, Toronto and Vienna.